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What to do in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Tourism in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Welcome to Rotterdam, a city that defies expectations and stands as a testament to resilience, innovation, and modern design. Known as the "Gateway to Europe," Rotterdam is a dynamic metropolis that has risen from the ashes of World War II to become a global centre for architecture, trade, and culture. Unlike the historic canal-lined streets of Amsterdam, Rotterdam offers a bold, contemporary landscape punctuated by daring skyscrapers, cutting-edge art installations, and a world-class port that hums with activity. This guide will take you through everything you need to know to plan an unforgettable visit to this remarkable Dutch city, from its unique climate and attractions to its diverse culinary scene and vibrant shopping districts.

Climate in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Climate in Rotterdam

Rotterdam experiences a temperate maritime climate, heavily influenced by the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean. This results in mild temperatures throughout the year with distinct but moderate seasonal changes. The city's weather is characterised by:

Temperature Patterns:

The average temperature in Rotterdam ranges from 3.8°C (39°F) in January, the coldest month, to 18°C (64.5°F) in July, the warmest month. Winter temperatures (December to February) typically hover a few degrees above freezing during the day and around freezing at night. Summer temperatures (June to August) are generally mild, with daytime highs between 20°C and 25°C (68°F and 77°F), though evenings can be cool, sometimes dropping below 10°C (50°F).

This maritime climate, characterised by moderate temperatures, steady rainfall, and frequent winds, has a profound impact on both the natural surroundings and daily life in Rotterdam throughout the year.

Best time to visit Rotterdam, Netherlands

The best time to visit Rotterdam depends on your travel aims. Generally, late spring (April–May) and early autumn (September–October) provide the ideal balance of mild weather, manageable crowds, and cultural events. Summer (June–August) is the busiest season, characterised by warm temperatures, extended daylight hours, and lively festivals, such as the North Sea Jazz Festival. However, it also sees higher prices and increased tourist activity. Winter (November–March) can be cold and wet, but it is quieter, with festive holiday markets in December and the International Film Festival in January. Each season offers unique experiences, making it worthwhile to visit throughout the year.

Best things to do in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Rotterdam, Netherlands' second-largest city, stands in stark contrast to Amsterdam with its bold, modern architecture and forward-thinking urban design. Heavily bombed during World War II, Rotterdam rebuilt itself as a showcase of innovative architecture and urban planning. Today, Rotterdam offers visitors a dynamic mix of cutting-edge design, maritime heritage, cultural institutions, and vibrant neighbourhoods. Here are the best things to do in this remarkable Dutch city:

Euromast, Rotterdam

Euromast, Rotterdam

The Euromast is a must-visit attraction in Rotterdam, standing 185 meters tall and offering breathtaking 360-degree views of the city, harbour, and skyline. Visitors can ascend via the Euroscoop lift and enjoy panoramic sights by day or night. For thrill-seekers, there's an option to rappel from the tower. With a restaurant at the top, it's a perfect spot to dine while taking in the stunning scenery.

Markthal (Market Hall), Rotterdam

Markthal (Market Hall), Rotterdam

The Markthal is a must-visit attraction in Rotterdam, blending stunning architecture with a vibrant culinary experience. This iconic horseshoe-shaped building features a massive indoor market beneath an arched ceiling covered with the dazzling "Horn of Plenty" mural. Inside, visitors can explore nearly 100 food stalls offering Dutch specialities like stroopwafels and herring, alongside international cuisine. With restaurants, cafés, and shops also on-site, the Markthal is a dynamic destination for food lovers and sightseers alike.

Cube Houses (Kijk-Kubus), Rotterdam

Cube Houses (Kijk-Kubus), Rotterdam

The Cube Houses (Kubuswoningen) are a must-see architectural highlight in Rotterdam. Designed by Piet Blom in the 1970s, these bright yellow, tilted cube-shaped homes are built atop hexagonal pylons to resemble an abstract forest. While most are private residences, one is open to the public as the "Show Cube" museum. Conveniently located near Blaak Station and the Markthal, the Cube Houses provide a distinctive view of innovative urban design and offer great photo opportunities.

Rotterdam Zoo (Diergaarde Blijdorp), Rotterdam

Rotterdam Zoo (Diergaarde Blijdorp), Rotterdam

Rotterdam Zoo (Diergaarde Blijdorp) is one of Netherlands' oldest and most visited zoos, providing an immersive experience with habitats from around the world. Highlights include the Oceanium with underwater tunnels, African savannah animals like giraffes and rhinos, Asian wildlife such as tigers and elephants, and a colourful butterfly garden. The zoo emphasises conservation and education, offering interactive zones and programmes perfect for families and children.

Depot Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam

Depot Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, Rotterdam

While the main Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen is under renovation, the new Depot Boijmans Van Beuningen in Rotterdam offers a unique museum experience as the world’s first publicly accessible art storage facility. Housed in a striking, mirrored, bowl-shaped building designed by MVRDV, the Depot offers visitors access to over 155,000 artworks and provides a behind-the-scenes look at art conservation and storage. With its vast collection spanning centuries, panoramic rooftop garden, and iconic architecture, the Depot has quickly become one of the city's top cultural landmarks.

Rotterdam Harbour Tour with Spido

Rotterdam Harbour Tour with Spido

A Spido harbour tour offers a unique way to explore the Port of Rotterdam, Europe’s largest and one of the world’s most important maritime hubs. Cruising along the Maas River, visitors witness the scale of the bustling port, passing by giant container ships, historic shipyards, and modern terminals. The tour also showcases Rotterdam’s striking waterfront landmarks, like the Erasmus Bridge and Hotel New York. With insightful commentary on the port’s history and operations, the experience is both scenic and educational, ideal for maritime enthusiasts and curious travellers alike.

Erasmus Bridge (Erasmusbrug), Rotterdam

Erasmus Bridge (Erasmusbrug), Rotterdam

The Erasmus Bridge, also known as "The Swan" for its graceful design, is a modern icon of Rotterdam. Completed in 1996, this 802-meter cable-stayed bridge spans the Nieuwe Maas River, linking the city's north and south. Its striking 139-meter pylon shapes the skyline and offers breathtaking views for pedestrians and cyclists. Illuminated beautifully at night, the bridge is a popular photo spot and cultural landmark. Beyond its function as a transport route, the Erasmus Bridge symbolises Rotterdam’s innovative spirit and has starred in films, events, and even the 2010 Tour de France.

Rotterdam Centraal Station

Rotterdam Centraal Station

Rotterdam Central Station is more than just a transport hub—it's a striking example of modern architecture and a symbol of the city's design-forward identity. Rebuilt and reopened in 2014, the station features a dramatic angular roof that points toward the city centre, connecting it visually and symbolically to Rotterdam. Inside, the spacious, light-filled design strikes a balance between practicality and style. The surrounding square has been transformed into an inviting public space, and the station itself includes shops, cafés, and restaurants, making it a lively place to visit—even if you're not travelling.

SS Rotterdam

SS Rotterdam

The SS Rotterdam, once the flagship of the Holland America Line, is now a floating hotel, museum, and entertainment venue docked in Rotterdam's Maashaven. In service from 1959 to 2000, this historic ocean liner offers guided tours through its engine rooms, bridge, and glamorous mid-century interiors. Visitors can explore its decks, dine in its restaurants, or stay overnight in retro-styled rooms. A symbol of luxury transatlantic travel, the ship stands as a proud symbol of Rotterdam’s maritime heritage, offering stunning views of the city from its top deck.

Kinderdijk Windmills, Rotterdam

Kinderdijk Windmills, Rotterdam

Kinderdijk, a UNESCO World Heritage site near Rotterdam, is home to 19 iconic 18th-century windmills built to manage water and prevent flooding in the Dutch lowlands. This scenic destination showcases Dutch engineering and offers visitors walking and cycling paths, museum windmills, and insight into the country's historic battle with water. Easily accessible by Waterbus from Rotterdam, Kinderdijk provides a peaceful and picturesque contrast to the city’s modern skyline.

Witte de Withstraat & Kunsthal, Rotterdam

Witte de Withstraat & Kunsthal, Rotterdam

Witte de Withstraat and the Kunsthal embody the vibrant cultural spirit of Rotterdam. Witte de Withstraat is a lively hub filled with art galleries, stylish bars, diverse eateries, and creative shops, attracting the city's artistic crowd. Just nearby, the Kunsthal offers a rotating lineup of around 25 exhibitions annually, covering art, design, photography, and fashion. With no permanent collection and a striking design by architect Rem Koolhaas, the Kunsthal delivers a fresh and innovative museum experience. Together, they highlight the city's dynamic and ever-evolving creative energy.

Delfshaven, Rotterdam

Delfshaven, Rotterdam

Delfshaven is a historic district in Rotterdam that survived World War II bombings, preserving its traditional Dutch charm. Known for its old canal houses, cobblestone streets, and historic harbour, it offers a striking contrast to the city's modern architecture. The area is famous as the departure point of the Pilgrim Fathers in 1620. Highlights include the Pilgrim Fathers Church, authentic sailing ships, craft breweries such as De Pelgrim, and cosy cafés. Delfshaven offers a peaceful and atmospheric retreat, providing a glimpse into Rotterdam’s pre-war history.

Fenix Food Factory, Rotterdam

Fenix Food Factory, Rotterdam

The Fenix Food Factory in Rotterdam is a dynamic food hall located in a repurposed warehouse on the Katendrecht Peninsula. It showcases local artisans, brewers, and food vendors in an industrial-style setting with river views. Known for its vibrant atmosphere, communal spaces, and regular events, the factory reflects the city's innovative spirit in urban renewal and culinary culture. Set in the trendy Katendrecht neighbourhood, it’s a must-visit destination for experiencing Rotterdam’s creative food scene and revitalised waterfront.

Het Nieuwe Instituut, Rotterdam

Het Nieuwe Instituut, Rotterdam

Het Nieuwe Instituut in Rotterdam is Netherlands' national museum for architecture, design, and digital culture. Located in a striking building by Jo Coenen, it hosts the country’s largest architecture collection and presents exhibitions that explore the intersection of design, technology, and social issues. The museum offers lectures, debates, and workshops, and is located next to the Sonneveld House, a 1933 modernist villa. Together with nearby Kunsthal and Museum Park, it forms a key part of Rotterdam’s cultural and design scene.

Trompenburg Gardens & Arboretum, Rotterdam

Trompenburg Gardens & Arboretum, Rotterdam

Trompenburg Gardens & Arboretum in Rotterdam is a serene 8-hectare botanical garden featuring a wide variety of trees, shrubs, and flowers from around the world. Originally a private garden founded in 1820, it opened to the public in 1958. Highlights include collections of holly, rhododendrons, conifers, and seasonal blooms. Visitors can explore themed areas, including the Japanese garden and water garden, which feature peaceful paths and benches for relaxation. The garden is beautiful all year round, especially in spring when it bursts into vibrant colour.

Recommended shopping centre in Rotterdam

Here are the top recommended shopping destinations in Rotterdam, Netherlands, each offering a unique experience with standout stores and stylish atmospheres:

Lijnbaan, Rotterdam

Lijnbaan, Rotterdam

Lijnbaan is Rotterdam’s most famous shopping street and the first car-free pedestrian shopping zone in Europe. It's centrally located and packed with international high-street brands, local stores, and cafes, making it a vibrant and convenient shopping hub.

Key Stores: ZARA, H&M, Bershka & Pull & Bear, Van Haren.

De Bijenkorf Rotterdam

De Bijenkorf Rotterdam

De Bijenkorf is a luxurious department store housed in a striking modernist building designed by Marcel Breuer. It's perfect for luxury shopping, offering a broad range of international designer brands all in one location.

Key Stores/Brands: Gucci, Prada, Louis Vuitton, MAC & Chanel Beauty, Nespresso Boutique, Home & Lifestyle Section.

Markthal (Market Hall), Rotterdam

Markthal (Market Hall), Rotterdam

More than just a food market, the Markthal is an architectural landmark that blends shopping, art, and gastronomy. The arc-shaped building features an indoor market with food stalls, restaurants, and a handful of retail shops, all beneath a giant colourful ceiling mural.

Key Stores: WAAR, Leonidas, Local Deli Stalls, Little Italy.

Alexandrium Shopping Centre, Rotterdam

Alexandrium Shopping Centre, Rotterdam

Located in the southeast of Rotterdam, Alexandrium is a massive retail complex divided into Alexandrium Shopping Centre, Alexandrium Megastores, and Alexandrium Woonmall (home furnishings). It’s a one-stop destination for fashion, electronics, and home goods.

Key Stores: MediaMarkt, Primark, Nike & JD Sports, IKEA (in the Woonmall).

Koopgoot (Beurstraverse), Rotterdam

Koopgoot (Beurstraverse), Rotterdam

Nicknamed the "Shopping Gutter" due to its below-street-level design, Koopgoot is a lively retail promenade connecting Lijnbaan with Hoogstraat. It combines mainstream brands with cool, underground vibes, making it perfect for fashion lovers and trendsetters.

Key Stores: Douglas, ONLY & The Sting, Rituals, Foot Locker.

The recommended hotels in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Top 5-star hotels in Rotterdam

Here are some top-rated 5‑star hotels in Rotterdam, each offering distinctive luxury and excellent guest reviews:

Rotterdam Marriott Hotel

Rotterdam Marriott Hotel

Situated in the Millennium Tower opposite Rotterdam Central Station, the Rotterdam Marriott features elegant rooms, a 24-hour gym, valet parking, and on-site dining, including Pillars Bar & Kitchen and the upscale Michelin-starred restaurant The Millèn, led by Chef Wim Severein.

Guest Reviews: Guest reviews praised its convenience and luxury, another highlighted its accessibility and spacious, clean facilities, especially helpful for those with mobility needs.

Rating: 8.7–9.0

Hilton Rotterdam

Hilton Rotterdam

Situated just a few minutes’ walk from Central Station, the Hilton Rotterdam blends classic elegance with modern amenities. Guests enjoy plush bedding, multiple dining options (including the Michelin-starred Joelia), a business centre, and a fitness centre.

Hilton Rotterdam

Guest Reviews: Reviews commend the staff’s friendliness, buffet breakfast, location, and excellent service.

Rating: 8.3–9.0

Mainport Hotel (Hilton affiliate), Rotterdam

Mainport Hotel (Hilton affiliate), Rotterdam

Mainport Hotel, located along the Maas River, combines contemporary luxury with a focus on relaxation. Its standout feature is the indulgent Spa Heaven, offering an indoor pool, sauna, Turkish bath, and select rooms equipped with private whirlpools for an extra touch of comfort. Luxurious beds, a waterfront terrace, and a fine-dining restaurant complete the experience.

Mainport Hotel (Hilton affiliate), Rotterdam

Guest Reviews: Guests review the comfortable Room, sauna, indoor swimming pool and breakfast.

Rating: 8.6–8.9

Top 4-star hotels in Rotterdam

Here are some highly recommended 4‑star hotels in Rotterdam, each offering a distinct experience and consistently strong guest reviews:

Hotel Nhow Rotterdam

Hotel Nhow Rotterdam

A striking modern hotel by Rem Koolhaas, located in the De Rotterdam “Manhattan on the Maas” waterfront complex. It features floor‑to‑ceiling windows, a trendy gastro bar (Elvy), a rooftop bar on the 7th floor, a fitness centre, and airy meeting spaces.

Hotel Nhow Rotterdam

Guest Review Summary: Guests appreciate the spacious, contemporary rooms and the convenient access to the underground parking. Highlights include a delicious breakfast and a chic atmosphere.

Rated around 8.4–9.0/10

NH Atlanta Rotterdam

NH Atlanta Rotterdam

An Art Deco gem located in the heart of the city, opposite the World Trade Centre. Features include an on-site Brasserie Atlanta. Cantonese restaurant, rooftop terrace, modern amenities, and easy access to the metro and shopping.

Guest Review Summary: Visitors praise the central location, spacious rooms, and excellent breakfast. Some rooms offer charming views of Coolsingel Street.

Rating 8.3/10

Bilderberg Parkhotel Rotterdam

Bilderberg Parkhotel Rotterdam

Centrally located near Museumpark and Witte de Withstraat, this elegant hotel has 189 soundproof rooms, a garden, an on‑site restaurant “The Park,” a sauna, fitness, bike rentals, and conference facilities.

Guest Review Summary: Guests commend the central location, tranquil atmosphere, skyline views, and welcoming staff.

Rating 8.5/10

Hotel New York by WestCord, Rotterdam

Hotel New York by WestCord, Rotterdam

An iconic landmark hotel situated in the historic Holland America Line building along the riverbank at Kop van Zuid. This national monument offers elegantly restored rooms and an atmospheric restaurant and café.

Hotel New York by WestCord, Rotterdam

Guest Review Summary: Guests appreciate its unique heritage, prime riverside location, and character‑rich design.

Rating 4.4/5

Travelling FAQ about Tourism in Rotterdam, Netherlands

Q: What language is spoken in Rotterdam?

A: Dutch is the official language, but English is widely spoken throughout Rotterdam, especially in tourist areas, hotels, restaurants, and shops. You'll have no trouble communicating in English with most locals, particularly younger people and those working in the tourism industry.

Q: What currency is used in Rotterdam?

A: The Euro (€) is the official currency. Credit cards are widely accepted in most establishments, though some smaller shops, markets, or cafés might only accept cash or Dutch debit cards. It's advisable to carry some cash for small purchases.

Q: What is the best time of year to visit Rotterdam?

A: Late spring (May-June) and early autumn (September) provide the best balance of pleasant weather and manageable crowd levels. Summer (July-August) tends to be warmer and busier with events, but also attracts more tourists. Winter can be cold and often rainy, but it offers lower hotel rates and a more authentic local experience.

Q: How many days should I spend in Rotterdam?

A: A minimum of 2-3 days is recommended to explore Rotterdam's highlights, including its modern architecture, museums, and waterfront areas. If you want to take day trips to nearby cities or explore more thoroughly, 4-5 days would be ideal.

Q: Is Rotterdam worth visiting compared to Amsterdam?

A: Absolutely. While Amsterdam is the better-known tourist destination, Rotterdam offers a distinctly different Dutch experience, with its striking modern architecture, rich maritime history, and less crowded attractions. Rotterdam is often seen as more innovative, contemporary, and authentically Dutch compared to the more tourist-focused Amsterdam.

Q: Is Rotterdam safe for tourists?

A: Rotterdam is generally very safe for tourists, with low rates of violent crime. As in any major city, take normal precautions:

• Be aware of pickpockets in crowded areas, markets, and public transportation.

• Keep valuables secure and out of sight.

• Stay in well-lit areas at night.

• Be cautious around Rotterdam Central Station and Zuidplein at night.

The city centre and most tourist areas are well-patrolled and safe at all hours.

Q: What are the typical opening hours for shops and attractions?

A: Most shops in Rotterdam are open:

• Monday to Saturday: 9:00/10:00 AM to 6:00 PM

• Thursday or Friday: Late night shopping until 9:00 PM

• Sundays: 12:00 PM to 6:00 PM (in the city centre)

Museums typically open around 10:00 AM and close between 5:00 PM and 6:00 PM, with some having late openings one day per week. Always check specific opening hours as they may vary.

Q: Are there any food specialities I should try in Rotterdam?

A: While in Rotterdam, try:

• Kapsalon: A Rotterdam invention combining fries, shawarma meat, melted cheese, and salad.

• Kibbeling: Deep-fried battered fish pieces.

• Herring: Raw herring served with onions (a Dutch classic).

• Stroopwafels: Thin waffle cookies filled with caramel.

• Poffertjes: Mini pancakes served with powdered sugar.

• Rotterdam craft beers from local breweries

Q: Are museums closed on certain days?

A: Many museums in Rotterdam are closed on Mondays, though this varies by institution. Always check the specific museum's website for current opening hours. Some major museums, such as the Maritime Museum Rotterdam and the Kunsthal, are open seven days a week.

Q: Is the Rotterdam Welcome Card worth purchasing?

A: The Rotterdam Welcome Card can be a good value if you plan to use public transportation frequently and visit several attractions. It includes unlimited use of public transport and discounts (typically 25%) on major museums, attractions, and some restaurants. Available in 1, 2, or 3-day versions.

Q: What are some good day trips from Rotterdam?

A: Popular day trips from Rotterdam include:

• Kinderdijk: Famous UNESCO World Heritage windmills (accessible by waterbus).

• Delft: A Historic city known for its blue pottery, canals, and old town.

• The Hague: Seat of the Dutch government, with excellent museums and the beach resort of Scheveningen.

• Gouda: A Historic city famous for its cheese and beautiful town hall.

• Dordrecht: One of the oldest cities in Netherlands, with a well-preserved historic centre.

All of these destinations are readily accessible by train, with travel times ranging from 20 to 40 minutes from Rotterdam.

Q: Which areas are best to stay in Rotterdam?

A: The best areas to stay in depend on your preferences:

• City Centre/Coolsingel: Convenient for shopping and transportation.

• Witte de Withstraat area: Best for nightlife and cultural attractions.

• Kop van Zuid: Modern architecture and river views.

• Delfshaven: Historic charm in a preserved neighbourhood.

• Rotterdam Noord: Hip, up-and-coming area with local atmosphere.

Q: When should I book accommodation in Rotterdam?

A: It's advisable to book at least 2-3 months in advance for visits during the high season (May/September) or during major events like the North Sea Jazz Festival (July) or the International Film Festival Rotterdam (January/February). For off-season visits, booking 3-4 weeks ahead is usually sufficient.