Pyramids from various perspectives
#ThisIsEgypt
The Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities in Egypt seeks to make some ancient sites and museums available to the people of the world to enjoy watching the ancient Egyptian civilization during their time in their homes. Within the precautionary and preventive measures against the emerging coronavirus (COVID-19), it launched a service for visits to some of these sites through the official pages of the Ministry on the Internet and social networking sites. The Ministry publishes several virtual visits to it and an explanation of some museums through Egyptian tour guides. The slogan for these visits will be:
Experience Egypt from Home Stay Home Stays Safe Today, The beauty of Pyramids from various perspectives.
The pyramids of Giza in Egypt
As we all know, tourism is one of the most important sources of income in countries around the world, in addition to this, antiquities are the most important way to get to know the civilizations of the peoples that preceded us, and in this regard, the Giza pyramids in Egypt are famous as the most important monuments in and in the whole world; What made scientists, researchers and explorers come from different parts of the world to study these monuments and help in the archaeological and scientific discoveries that these ancient historical monuments provide to us. In what follows, we will learn everything that needs to be known about these monuments.
The most important pyramids and tourist attractions in Giza:
The pyramids of Giza consist of; The Great Pyramid, which is the pyramid of Khufu, followed by a few hundred meters in the southwest, the pyramid of Khafre, which is slightly smaller than the main pyramid of Khufu, and the relatively modest pyramid, the pyramid of Menkaure, is also on the same path a few hundred meters away. Meters, but the Great Sphinx is located in the eastern part of the area.
It is also rumoured that the head of the "Sphinx" is a carved statue of the head of the Egyptian pharaoh "Khafre". These are the main pyramids in the area that are not without some tombs and small pyramids for the wives of the pharaohs.
1- The Great Pyramid, the pyramid of the pharaoh "Khufu" (2551 BC)
This huge pyramid is the largest of all. It is one of the most important achievements of engineering pharaohs. It was built over twenty years ago. Rumours differ about who built it. Some historians believe that the pharaoh "Khufu" forced the slaves to build this pyramid to perpetuate it, while others prefer a theory that improved the image of Pharaoh "Khufu", as they believe that during the ancient Nile River floods the lands were not suitable for agriculture, so the Pharaoh rose. Khufu "provides clothes and food to the residents in exchange for their work on this pyramid for 3 months a year."
This pyramid was built in an accurate engineering form, as the corners of the pyramid were directed to apply to the main points of the compass and with a fixed length of the base ribs (230.4 meters), while the faces of the pyramid were inclined at an angle of 51 degrees to reach a height of 147 meters, but as a result of their sabotage and demolition by natural factors, their height decreased to become 138 meters, and 2300 stone blocks were used in its construction with an average weight of 2.5 tons per block.
2- The second pyramid, the pyramid of the pharaoh "Khafre" (2520 BC)
The pharaoh "Khafre" is the son of the pharaoh "Khufu", also known as the pharaoh "Chevron", his pyramid was built on a site close to his father's pyramid, and it seems at first glance that it rises more than his father's pyramid, but this is nothing but an illusion resulting from the fact that this pyramid is It was built on land whose height is higher than the level of the ground on which the pyramid of Khufu was built.
This pyramid preserves some of its covers from the original limestone at the top, and the pharaoh "Khafre" was the one who ordered the construction of the "Sphinx", which represents the sun god of the pharaohs.
3- Pyramid of the Pharaoh "Menkaure" (2490 BC)
The pharaoh “Menkaure” Ibn Pharaoh “Khafre” built the third pyramid in the Giza cemetery with an original height of no more than 70 meters, which is less than half the height of the pyramid built by his grandfather “Khufu”, its base of Aswan red granite (relative to the Egyptian city of Aswan, which is famous for it), As for its summit, it used brilliant white limestone in its construction.
4- The great statue "Sphinx"
The pharaoh “Khafre”, the son of the pharaoh “Khufu” built the statue of “Sphinx” which represents (Ra-Horakhty) or as it is known today the sun god of the Pharaohs. The head of the pharaoh “Khafre” was carved on the body of the statue to commemorate him, the height of the Sphinx is 20 meters and its length of 73 meters, unfortunately, the conditions of the "Sphinx" subsequently deteriorated over thousands of years, and despite attempts to restore it, the Great Sphinx lost its nose in 1798 AD when the soldiers of "Napoleon Bonaparte" practised aiming and shooting on it.
No, aliens or superpowers did not build the pyramids, many theories explain the construction of the pyramids, and many scientists and researchers came to explain the mechanism of construction, but at the same time astrologers, promoters of pseudoscience, and followers of the conspiracy theory came with superstitions. With stories about aliens helping the pharaohs build the pyramids or the myth of priests harnessing the unnatural energies in the universe to build pyramids in the time of the pharaohs.
But thanks to modern science, researchers were able to refute all myths and explain the method of building the pyramids in detail in an article published on the scientific site (Live Science) in 2016 AD, where this article explained the importance of the Nile water in transporting stone pieces, as archaeological excavators discovered a lot of papyrus (A special paper was used in the time of the pharaohs) explaining the number of workers and food that were used to build the pyramids.
Scientists confirmed that the ancient Egyptians used sledges that workers could push and pull, as well as moisten the sand in front of the sledges to facilitate their movement, and the stones were lifted using winches and the system of stairs, meaning that there were no supernatural or abnormal forces that contributed to building the pyramids that were built as a result of strength and cooperation between the Egyptians The ancients.
Why were the pyramids built?
The main goal of building the pyramids was to place the remains of the pharaoh in them, that is, as a special kind of graves, and they were used as a store for some manuscripts and papyrus in which the Egyptians recorded their knowledge, but the pyramid was used in particular because they believed in life after death and their belief that death on earth is the beginning of the true journey of life Second, they used it to protect the corpses of their pharaohs to rise after death to rule the world of the dead again.
What about the graves of queens and sons?
The importance of the spirits of queens, wives, and sons of the pharaohs has not been overlooked; Therefore, many small pyramids were built scattered or some tombs spread near the three great pyramids on the east side or in the western field of the area where the pyramids are located, with the presence of guards in charge of protecting these private royal tombs in which many of the important wives and dynasties of the pharaohs are buried. The most important of these cemeteries are the "West Junker" cemetery, the "East Junker" cemetery, and the "Steindorf" cemetery.
Workers of the pyramids, slaves of the Pharaohs, or citizens who got their wages?
Much controversy over the fact that the workers who built the pyramids were slaves of the Pharaohs, but after discovering the small tombs around the pyramids, researchers noticed that some of these tombs were designated for the sake of workers in addition to distinguishing the workers from the rest of the citizens, as special and distinctive stone pieces were used from the rest of the cemetery stones, Also, there are indications of burying pieces of food and drink near them to aid them in the second life; This solidified the basis for the theory that these workers were paid wages for their work and were not merely powerless slaves.
Astronomical puzzles related to the construction of the pyramids
The astronomical mysteries that are related to the pyramids are one of the most important reasons that caused the great popularity of the pyramids, from the beginning the pyramids were built so that their angles indicate the four directions precisely, and some scientists have found astronomical messages that determine the distance between the earth and the sun, as it shows the path of the moon's rotation around the earth, as well. The three main pyramids are located in the same order as the three largest stars in the Gemini belt, and the "Sphinx" was directed to be facing Leo during a certain period of the year.
Secret rooms, tunnels, and cabins not yet opened
Despite the study of these pyramids for more than two decades and despite all the scientific discoveries in this regard, we did not reach to decipher many of the symbols and mysteries related to these huge buildings, as a robotic snake was developed by scientists at the University of Leeds in Britain to photograph the rooms that did not reach Human talk to her yet.
They came to the existence of many secret rooms, dark tunnels and hieroglyphic writings that have not yet been explored, and a small hole was discovered at the top of the pyramid of Pharaoh "Menkaure", the target of which was only known recently, as it turned out that it allows sunlight to enter the pyramid one day a year that happens to be a birthday Pharaoh "Menkaure" !.
Curious facts about the pyramids
As we mentioned, the pyramids are one of the controversial buildings, especially in matters related to how they were built, here is this quick information about the pyramids:
- The height of the Great Pyramid multiplied by a billion is precisely equal to the distance between the Earth and the sun.
- The pyramids of Giza are the only survivors of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
- The Great Pyramid of Giza remained the largest human-made structure for 3,871 years.
- The number of workers who participated in building the pyramids ranged between 20,000 and 100,000 workers.
- The Kurdish ruler, "Aziz Uthman bin Yusuf" tried to destroy one of the pyramids but failed to do so.
Incorrect information about the pyramids
In addition to confirmed information, there are many rumours and mysteries about the pyramids that have not been issued by any statement from the scientific community confirming their authenticity and cannot be believed without scientific evidence of them, so far they are only rumours, and as examples of them:
- Pyramids restore the pureness of contaminated water when placed inside them for several days.
- The flesh does not rot inside the pyramids.
- Pyramids help wounds heal faster.
- When placing a plant for several days inside any of these pyramids and later removing it from it, this plant grows faster than its counterparts.
- Putting cigarettes inside the pyramid for several days will make them lose nicotine.
In Egypt, there are more than 100 pyramids
Egypt has a large number of 112 pyramids discovered, but most of them have not been completed, and these pyramids are considered of little importance compared to the three pyramids of Giza, the pyramids of Egypt are distributed in many areas, so here a group of secondary pyramids that we do not yet have information Enough about it, but it is definitely important to know the name of these pyramids and who built them.
|
The name of the pharaoh who ordered the construction
of the pyramid |
The name of the pyramid |
|
Djoser |
Pyramid of Djoser |
|
Sekhemkhet |
Burial Pyramid |
|
Sneferu |
Pyramid at |
|
Sneferu |
Sneferu Bent Pyramid |
|
Sneferu |
Red Pyramid |
|
Djedev Ra |
Pyramid of Djedev Ra |
|
Shepseskaf |
Mastaba
of Shepseskaf |
|
Userkaf |
Userkaf's Pyramid |
|
Sahure |
Pyramid of Sahure |
|
Neferkare |
Pyramid of Neferkare |
|
Unas |
Pyramid of Unas |
|
Teti |
Pyramid of Teti |
|
Baby I |
Baby's I Pyramid |
|
Baby II |
Baby II Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep I |
Pyramid of Amenemhat |
|
Amenhotep II |
White Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep III |
The Black Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep III |
Hawara Pyramid |
|
Senusret I |
Pyramid of Senusret I |
|
Senusret II |
Pyramid of Lahun |
|
Ahmose I |
Pyramid of Ahmose |